What is produced by the testes aside from sperm?

The testes are primarily known for their role in producing sperm; however, they also play a crucial part in hormone production, particularly testosterone. Testosterone is a steroid hormone that is vital for the development of male reproductive tissues and secondary sexual characteristics like muscle and bone mass, as well as the growth of body hair.

In addition to its physiological roles, testosterone significantly influences libido and overall male fertility. The testes contain specialized cells called Leydig cells, which are responsible for synthesizing and secreting testosterone when stimulated by luteinizing hormone.

This hormone is essential for the proper functioning of the male reproductive system, making it a key product of the testes aside from sperm. While estrogen, cortisol, and dopamine are important hormones, they are not primarily produced in significant amounts by the testes, focusing instead on other organs like the adrenal glands or ovaries for estrogen and cortisol production, and the brain for dopamine.