Which of the following is a risk factor that can elevate the risk of acidosis?

Dehydration is indeed a significant risk factor that can elevate the likelihood of acidosis. This condition occurs when there is an imbalance in the body's acid-base regulation, leading to increased acidity in the blood. When a person is dehydrated, their body's ability to excrete acids through the kidneys can be compromised. Additionally, dehydration can lead to a concentration of metabolic waste products in the blood, which can further contribute to the development of acidosis.

Other factors in the choices listed promote overall health or balance and are generally associated with preventing conditions like acidosis. For instance, staying hydrated helps maintain the balance of body fluids and supports kidney function, which is crucial in regulating acid-base status. Regular exercise can improve metabolism and overall body functions, reducing the risk of many health issues, including acidosis. Lastly, a balanced diet provides essential nutrients and supports metabolic processes that help maintain acid-base balance in the body. In contrast, dehydration disrupts these important bodily functions and increases the risk of acidosis.